A COMPARATIVE REVIEW STUDY OF THE LEGAL REGULATION AND PRINCIPLES GOVERNING THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN JUDICIAL ACTIVITIES (2015–2025)

Abstract

Internationally, both public authorities and private-sector actors are 
increasingly integrating artificial intelligence into their operations as 
a means of reducing costs, accelerating processes, and enhancing 
overall effectiveness. Courts are no exception and have likewise begun 
to introduce artificial intelligence to a certain extent. However, given 
the complexity, sensitivity, and potentially far-reaching consequences 
of judicial activities—particularly those involving human rights—an 
appropriate legal and regulatory framework governing the use of 
artificial intelligence is of critical importance. This study examines the 
diverse regulatory approaches and doctrinal positions adopted at the 
international level. To this end, the analysis is structured across two 
dimensions: trends in international and regional regulation, and 
national legal frameworks and practices. Within this framework, the 
study provides a comparative legal overview of selected jurisdictions, 
including the European Union, the United States, Germany, Japan, 
and Singapore